HomeCompoundsHMG
Human menopausal gonadotropinRx

HMG.

Also known as: Human Menopausal Gonadotropin · Menopur

Why FSH matters for fertility, HMG-vs-HCG decision, and the post-cycle fertility protocol.

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Researched and edited by the Epti editorial team
Every claim labeled by confidence tier · reviewed quarterly · last updated May 20, 2026
01 · Quick Overview

Quick Overview.

Human Menopausal Gonadotropin (HMG) is a highly purified mixture of hormones extracted from the urine of post-menopausal women. While that sounds strange, it is a medical miracle for fertility. Unlike HCG (which only mimics Luteinizing Hormone to produce testosterone), HMG contains a 1:1 ratio of both Luteinizing Hormone (LH) and Follicle-Stimulating Hormone (FSH). FSH is the specific hormone required to create and mature sperm. For men who have been on steroids or TRT for years and have become completely sterile, HMG is often the only drug that can restore their ability to have children.[1][2]

Think of your testicles as a factory that makes two things: Testosterone and Sperm. HCG is a manager that only yells at the workers to make Testosterone. If you only take HCG, you will have high testosterone, but you still might shoot blanks. HMG is a manager that yells at the workers to make both Testosterone and Sperm. If you want to have a baby after using steroids, you need HMG to turn the sperm production line back on.[3]

  • Primary Use Case: Restoring spermatogenesis (sperm production) and fertility in men with severe hypogonadism.
  • Mechanism: Provides exogenous FSH to stimulate Sertoli cells (sperm production) and LH to stimulate Leydig cells (testosterone production).[4]
  • Who it is for: Men who are sterile from long-term steroid or TRT use and are actively trying to conceive a child.
  • Who it is NOT for: Men with primary testicular failure (if the testicles are physically incapable of producing sperm, HMG will not work).
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02 · The Protocol & Usage Guide

The Protocol & Usage Guide.

confidence_tier: well-established

HMG is incredibly expensive. Because it is extracted and purified from human urine, manufacturing it is difficult. A single cycle to restore fertility can cost thousands of dollars. Furthermore, because it contains LH activity, it carries the same risk of estrogen spikes and gynecomastia (gyno) as HCG.[5]

Standard Dosing Schedule

Note: HMG is almost always used in combination with HCG to maximize the LH signal.

PhaseDoseFrequencyTiming
Fertility Restoration75 IU3 times per weekAnytime
Aggressive Fertility150 IU3 times per weekUnder medical supervision

Reconstitution Math (Example for a 75 IU vial)

  • Add 1 mL of Bacteriostatic Water to the 75 IU vial.
  • 75 IU dose = 1.0 mL (100 units on an insulin syringe)
  • Note: Unlike HCG which comes in massive 5000 IU vials, HMG usually comes in single-dose 75 IU or 150 IU vials.

Injection Site Guide

  • Where to Inject: Subcutaneous fat in the abdomen or thigh.

Cycle Length & Discontinuation Protocol

  • Cycle Length: Minimum of 3 to 4 months. Spermatogenesis takes 72-74 days. You will not see an increase in sperm count if you only use it for a month.
  • Discontinuation: Stop once pregnancy is achieved.
04 · Safety, Interactions & Side Effect Management

Safety, Interactions & Side Effect Management.

confidence_tier: well-established

Side Effect Profile

Side EffectSeverityFrequencyManagement
Gynecomastia (Gyno)SevereCommonCaused by the LH component stimulating testosterone, which converts to estrogen. Treat with an AI (e.g., Arimidex).
Injection Site PainMildOccasionalBecause it is a highly purified urinary extract, some users report more stinging or redness compared to synthetic peptides.
Multiple PregnanciesSevereN/A (Women Only)If a female partner takes HMG, it drastically increases the risk of twins or triplets. (This does not apply to men taking it).

Contraindications

  • Absolute: Individuals with primary testicular failure.
  • Absolute: Individuals with prostate cancer or other androgen-dependent tumors.

Drug Interactions

  • Exogenous Testosterone (TRT): Antagonistic. While HMG can force sperm production even while on TRT, the TRT is actively fighting against it by suppressing the brain. For maximum fertility, TRT is usually stopped, and HMG/HCG are used to replace it.
05 · Common Stacks & Combinations

Common Stacks & Combinations.

confidence_tier: community

StackGoalRationale
HMG + HCGThe "Nuclear" Fertility StackHCG provides a massive LH signal to maximize intratesticular testosterone; HMG provides the FSH signal to drive sperm production. This is the standard medical protocol for severe steroid-induced hypogonadism.
HMG + ClomidThe Restart StackClomid blocks estrogen in the brain to encourage natural LH/FSH production, while HMG provides exogenous FSH to jumpstart the testicles immediately.
06 · Body Composition & Training Guide

Body Composition & Training Guide.

confidence_tier: community

  • The "Last Resort": In the bodybuilding community, HMG is considered the "nuclear option" for fertility. If a bodybuilder has been "Blast and Cruising" (taking steroids non-stop) for 5 years, HCG and Clomid usually aren't enough to get their wife pregnant. HMG is the drug they turn to when everything else fails.
  • The Cost Barrier: Users frequently complain about the cost. A 3-month protocol of HMG can easily exceed $1,500 to $3,000, leading many to seek out cheaper, underground lab versions (which are notoriously under-dosed or faked with pure HCG).
07 · Storage, Handling & Accessibility

Storage, Handling & Accessibility.

confidence_tier: well-established

  • Storage (Lyophilized): Store in the fridge (2-8°C) or at room temperature away from light.
  • Storage (Reconstituted): Must be stored in the fridge (2-8°C) and used immediately or within a few days, as it is usually supplied in single-dose vials.
  • WADA Status: Banned in competitive sports for males (S2 - Peptide Hormones).
  • Cost & Accessibility: Extremely expensive via pharmacy (~$70 - $100 per 75 IU vial). High risk of counterfeits from underground labs.
08 · Bloodwork Monitoring Guide

Bloodwork Monitoring Guide.

confidence_tier: well-established

BiomarkerWhen to TestWhy it Matters
Semen AnalysisBaseline, Week 12The only true way to track progress is to monitor sperm count, motility, and morphology.
FSH12 hours post-injectionTo verify the HMG is real. If FSH does not spike, the product is likely fake (just HCG).
09 · Comparison to Similar Compounds

Comparison to Similar Compounds.

confidence_tier: well-established

FeatureHMG (Menotropin)HCGRecombinant FSH (Gonal-F)
Composition1:1 ratio of LH and FSHLH analog onlyPure FSH only
SourceHuman UrineHuman Urine or RecombinantRecombinant (Lab-made)
Primary GoalSperm ProductionTestosterone ProductionSperm Production
CostVery HighLowExtremely High
10 · Deep Dive (For Advanced Researchers)

Deep Dive (For Advanced Researchers).

confidence_tier: well-established

Mechanism of Action

Human Menopausal Gonadotropin (hMG), also known generically as menotropin, is a purified extract of urine from postmenopausal women. During menopause, the ovaries cease to function, causing the brain to lose its negative feedback loop. In a desperate attempt to stimulate the ovaries, the pituitary gland secretes massive amounts of LH and FSH, which are then excreted in the urine.[6]

Standard hMG preparations are standardized to contain exactly 75 IU of FSH activity and 75 IU of LH activity per vial.[7]

Cellular Pathways

  1. The FSH Component: The FSH in hMG binds to FSH receptors on the Sertoli cells within the seminiferous tubules of the testes. This stimulates the proliferation of spermatogonia and the production of Androgen-Binding Protein (ABP). ABP is crucial because it binds to testosterone, keeping the local concentration of testosterone inside the testicle extremely high—a strict requirement for sperm maturation.[8]
  2. The LH Component: The LH in hMG binds to LH receptors on the Leydig cells, stimulating the production of testosterone. This testosterone works synergistically with the FSH to drive the full cycle of spermatogenesis.[4]

Clinical Trial Summary

  • Hypogonadotropic Hypogonadism: In men with severe hypogonadotropic hypogonadism (including steroid-induced), HCG alone is often insufficient to restore fertility because it lacks the FSH signal. Clinical trials have consistently shown that adding hMG (75-150 IU three times a week) to an HCG protocol successfully induces spermatogenesis in 70-90% of men, though it takes an average of 6 to 9 months of continuous treatment.[9][10]

Synergy & Antagonism Analysis

  • Recombinant FSH vs. Urinary hMG: In recent years, pharmaceutical companies have developed pure, lab-made FSH (e.g., Gonal-F). While rFSH is purer and doesn't require human urine, clinical data in both men and women suggests that the slight LH activity present in urinary hMG actually improves outcomes. Furthermore, rFSH is significantly more expensive than hMG, making hMG the preferred choice for biohackers and bodybuilders.[11]
11 · Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)

Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ).

confidence_tier: community

Q: Can I just use HCG to get my wife pregnant? A: Sometimes. If you haven't been on steroids for very long, HCG alone might be enough to kickstart your system. However, if you have been on TRT or steroids for years, your FSH producing cells are completely dormant. HCG does not contain FSH. You will need HMG to provide the FSH signal.

Q: Why is it made from urine? A: Post-menopausal women excrete massive amounts of FSH and LH because their ovaries have stopped responding to the hormones. It is currently the most cost-effective way to harvest natural human FSH, though recombinant (lab-made) versions do exist now.

Q: How do I know if my HMG is fake? A: Because HMG is so expensive, many underground labs sell cheap HCG labeled as HMG. The only way to know for sure is to get a blood test for FSH 12 hours after injecting. If your FSH levels do not spike, your HMG is fake.

Q: How long does it take to work? A: You must be patient. The biological process of creating a single sperm cell takes roughly 72 days. You will not see an improvement in your sperm count for at least 2.5 to 3 months.

12 · International Regulatory Status

International Regulatory Status.

confidence_tier: well-established

AgencyStatusNotes
US FDAApprovedApproved for female infertility and male hypogonadism.
WADABanned (Males)Prohibited in competitive sports for males (S2 - Peptide Hormones).
UK MHRAApprovedAvailable via prescription.
EU EMAApprovedAvailable via prescription.
13 · Decision Tree

Decision Tree.

confidence_tier: community

[Goal: Restore Fertility After Long-Term Steroid/TRT Use?]
  |
  +-- Have you tried HCG and Clomid without success?
        |
        +-- (No) -> Try HCG + Clomid first. It is much cheaper.
        |
        +-- (Yes) -> Are you prepared for a 3-6 month protocol?
              |
              +-- (No) -> Spermatogenesis takes 72 days. Short cycles will fail.
              |
              +-- (Yes) -> Inject 75 IU of HMG 3x per week.
                           Stack with HCG (e.g., 500 IU 3x per week).
                           Get a semen analysis at month 3.
14 · Schema.org Data

Schema.org Data.

{
  "@context": "https://schema.org",
  "@type": "MedicalEntity",
  "name": "Human Menopausal Gonadotropin",
  "alternateName": ["HMG", "Menotropin", "Menopur"],
  "description": "A purified extract of human urine containing both FSH and LH, used to stimulate spermatogenesis and restore fertility in men.",
  "legalStatus": {
    "@type": "DrugLegalStatus",
    "description": "FDA-approved prescription drug. Banned by WADA for males."
  }
}
15 · References

What we cited.

  1. Burgues S, et al. The effectiveness and safety of recombinant human LH to support follicular development induced by recombinant human FSH in WHO group I anovulation: evidence from a multicentre study in Spain. Hum Reprod. 2001;16(12):2525-2532. doi:10.1093/humrep/16.12.2525
  2. Warne DW, et al. A combined analysis of data to identify predictive factors for spermatogenesis in men with hypogonadotropic hypogonadism treated with recombinant human follicle-stimulating hormone and human chorionic gonadotropin. Fertil Steril. 2009;92(2):594-604. doi:10.1016/j.fertnstert.2008.07.018
  3. Liu PY, et al. Predicting pregnancy and spermatogenesis by survival analysis during gonadotrophin treatment of gonadotrophin-deficient infertile men. Hum Reprod. 2002;17(3):625-633. doi:10.1093/humrep/17.3.625
  4. Zitzmann M, et al. Induction and maintenance of spermatogenesis in men with hypogonadotropic hypogonadism. Nat Rev Endocrinol. 2006;2(10):564-572. doi:10.1038/ncpendmet0288
  5. Rastrelli G, et al. Pharmacogenetics of gonadotropin treatment in male infertility. Pharmacogenomics. 2013;14(11):1343-1356. doi:10.2217/pgs.13.123
  6. Lunenfeld B. Historical perspectives in gonadotrophin therapy. Hum Reprod Update. 2004;10(6):453-467. doi:10.1093/humupd/dmh044
  7. The European Recombinant Human LH Study Group. Recombinant human luteinizing hormone (LH) to support recombinant human follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH)-induced follicular development in LH- and FSH-deficient anovulatory women: a dose-finding study. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 1998;83(5):1507-1514. doi:10.1210/jcem.83.5.4786
  8. Oduwole OO, et al. FSH and spermatogenesis. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne). 2018;9:137. doi:10.3389/fendo.2018.00137
  9. Büchter D, et al. Pulsatile GnRH or human chorionic gonadotropin/human menopausal gonadotropin as effective treatment for men with hypogonadotropic hypogonadism: a review of 42 cases. Eur J Endocrinol. 1998;139(3):298-303. doi:10.1530/eje.0.1390298
  10. Miyagawa Y, et al. Outcome of gonadotropin therapy for male hypogonadotropic hypogonadism at university affiliated male infertility centers: a 30-year retrospective study. J Urol. 2005;173(6):2072-2075. doi:10.1097/01.ju.0000158448.24824.96
  11. Al-Inany HG, et al. Highly purified hMG achieves better pregnancy rates in IVF cycles but not ICSI cycles compared with recombinant FSH: a meta-analysis. Gynecol Endocrinol. 2009;25(6):372-378. doi:10.1080/09513590802653890

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